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The Senate According to the French bicameral system, the Senate is the upper house of Parliament.

The Senate holds the legislative power with the National Assembly.

Under Article 24 of the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, he is the representative of the local authorities and with the National Assembly, the French established outside France .

As such, it passes laws , control government action and evaluates public policies and may amend the Constitution in conjunction with the National Assembly.

Its powers are set by the Constitution.

He sits in the Luxembourg Palace in Paris .

Main Functions: As a first step , we can say that one of the greater role of the Senate is to vote on the state budget and the laws that are proposed .

Senators receive , discuss and deliberate on bills introduced by the government or from other assemblies for a period of the year called "session" which lasts from October to June.

To continue, we can say that the second essential prerogative of the Senate or in other words " The Chamber of Reflection" studied with the National Assembly studying the laws and control the government by asking questions to ministers may be matters written which ministers respond in writing in the Official Journal , oral questions that ministers respond immediately in the Chamber or topical questions asked government before the cameras of two TV channels French two Thursdays per month ( France 3 Public and Senate).

Moreover, with the establishment of the Fifth Republic , was instituted a law prohibiting a senator to occupy during his tenure a ministerial function: it has a period of one month to choose one of these 2 functions .

In addition it should be noted that the chairman of the meeting held the position of President if the office is vacant , it is also produced in 1969 with Charles De Gaulle and Georges Pompidou in 1974 .

They were replaced by interim until the next election, the President of the Senate.

Composition: The Senate is the representative of the communities in metropolitan and overseas , but also French outside France .

The 348 senators are elected by indirect universal suffrage, by 150,000 electors in particular municipal , departmental and regional elected representatives.

A senator is elected for a term of six years and is renewable by half every three years to renew one third the number of senators .

At the same time , it means a new president who can also be the former is re-elected .

Depending on the number of seats , senators are elected by simple majority vote in two rounds ( 3 districts designating senators or less) or by party-list proportional representation (4 districts appointing senators and more).

The minimum age to be able to run for Senate elections is 24 years .

Main reforms: In France , the Constitution of 4 October 1958 has been many revisions since the early years of its operation.

Changes in the fundamental law have become more frequent since the 1990s yet , in a double pulse : the appearance of a desire to modernize the institutions • August 4, 1995 : Expanding opportunities through referendum , single parliamentary session , development of parliamentary immunities (Article 89) • 23 July 2008 : radical change in the Constitution , and especially parliamentary procedure, the control function of Parliament, the member's status Parliament , the rights of the opposition and the relationship between the assemblies and the executive.